考研英语真题出处全文翻译(持续更新中)

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翻译原版文章如下（译文版权由我所有，望交流，望指教）：

Management & Leadership
管理与领导
Top Managers Are Quitting, Without a New Job
高不成低不就的上层管理人员
By Jena McGregor on November 05, 2009

When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America (BAC) in August, his explanation was surprisingly straight up. Rather than cloak his exit in the usual murky euphemisms, he came right out and said he was leaving "to pursue my goal of running a company." Broadcasting his ambition was "very much my decision," McGee says. Within two weeks, he was talking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial Services Group (HIG), which named him CEO and chairman on Sept. 29.

八月，利亚姆·麦琪（Liam McGee）离任美国银行（Bank of America，简称BAC）董事长一职，当时他对此的解释是出人意料的直白。辞职后并不如往常支支吾吾搪塞一通，麦琪直言不讳：他离开的原因是“为了实现自营一家公司的愿景”。他还说道：公开自己的真实意志“确实是他自己的决定”。不到两周的时间，麦琪就成功与哈特福特金融服务集团（Hartford Financial Services，简称HIG）实现首次洽谈，后者于9月29日任命他兼任该公司首席执行官和董事长。

Whether or not his candor clinched the job, McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he wanted to run. It also sent a clear message to the outside world about his aspirations. And McGee isn't alone. In recent weeks the No. 2 executives at Avon (AVP) and American Express (AXP) quit with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post. On Nov. 3, about six weeks after announcing her exit from Avon, Elizabeth Smith was named CEO of OSI Restaurant Partners, owner of such casual dining chains as Outback Steakhouse and Carrabba's Italian Grill. As boards scrutinize succession plans in response to shareholder pressure, executives who don't get the nod also may wish to move on. A tumultuous business environment also has senior managers wary of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.

无论他的这份坦诚是否对其日后的这份工作起到了决定性的作用，麦琪声称“裸辞”使他有更多的时间，去思考他想经营的公司类型。同样，外界也因此明晰了他的“心愿”。无独有偶，在最近几周里，雅芳（Avon，简称AVP）和美国运通（American Express，简称AXP）管理层的二号人物分别递交辞呈，并都解释称是为了寻找一份首席执行官的工作。大约就在宣布从雅芳离职后的第六周，伊丽莎白·史密斯（Elizabeth Smith）于11月3日就任餐饮集团澳拜客餐饮集团（OSI Restaurant Partners）的首席执行官。该集团下辖包括澳拜客牛排馆（Outback Steakhouse）和意式烤肉吧（Carrabba's Italian Grill）在内的休闲餐饮连锁店。迫于股东压力，董事会不得不审慎选定公司的接班人，因此那些没有获得股东认可的管理人员也很有可能会选择离开。错综复杂的商业环境又使得高级管理人员对三缄其口心怀疑虑，因为模棱两可的声明可能只会有损自己的声誉。

As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold, deputy chiefs may be more willing to make the jump without a net. In the third quarter, CEO turnover was down 23% from a year ago as skittish boards stuck with the leaders they had, according to Liberum Research. As the economy picks up, says Russell Reynolds Associates recruiter Anne Lim O'Brien, "opportunities will abound" for aspiring leaders.

随着经济复苏初现端倪，那些副职管理人员可能更有裸辞的动力。根据李博伦研究（Liberum Research）的消息，第三季度首席执行官的替换人数同比下降了23%，并将其归因于董事会为了稳定股价而倾向于对现任领导人员的续聘。罗胜雷诺士合伙公司（Russell Reynolds Associates）的招聘人员安妮·利姆·奥布莱恩（Anne Lim O'Brien）说：经济企稳以后，志存高远的领导人员“多得是机会”。

The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional, to say the least. For years executives and headhunters have hewed closely to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached. Says Korn/Ferry (KFY) senior partner Dennis Carey: "I can't think of a single search I've done where a board has not instructed me to look at [sitting CEOs] first."

人往高处走，辞掉高管职位的决定还真需要些冒险精神——这话还算好听的。长期以来，企业管理人员及人才猎头都紧紧地遵循一条原则：最具竞争力的首席执行官竞选人往往是那些被“挖来”的人。科恩弗瑞公司（Korn/Ferry，简称KFY）的高级合伙人丹尼斯·凯雷（Dennis Carey）称：“如果没有董事会事先指示，（给我一些候选的首席执行官）让我面试，我无法想象如何完成每一个人的遴选。”

Those who jumped without a job haven't always landed in top positions quickly. Ellen Marram quit as chief of Tropicana when the business became part of PepsiCo (PEP) a decade ago, saying she wanted to be a CEO. Although Marram says she had "a lot of opportunities presented" to her, it was a year before she became head of a tiny Internet-based commodities exchange, efdex. Robert Willumstad left Citigroup (C) in 2005 with ambitions to be a CEO. He finally took that post at a major financial institution three years later, briefly becoming CEO of American International Group (AIG) three months before its near-collapse.

而那些裸辞的人也并非都能够马上找到心目中的顶层职位。艾伦·玛勒姆（Ellen Marram）十年前辞去了纯果乐（Tropicana）主管的工作，此时纯果乐刚被百事可乐（PepsiCo，简称PEP）所收购。玛勒姆当时表示想成为一家企业的首席执行官。尽管她说有“许多机会都在等着”她，但时隔一年她才最终成为一家小型网络终端商品交换公司（称作efdex）的掌门人。罗伯特·威廉姆斯特丹（Robert Willumstad）同样志向担任首席执行官而于2005年离开了花旗集团（Citigroup，简称C）。他在三年后才实现了愿望，成为了一家大型金融机构——美国国际集团（American International Group，简称AIG）的首席执行官。在短暂任职三个月后该集团就几近崩溃。

Many recruiters say the old stigma is fading for top performers. The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one. "The traditional rule was it's safer to stay where you are, but that's been fundamentally inverted," says one headhunter. "The people who've been hurt the worst are those who've stayed too long."

许多招聘人员表示，对于顶级管理者而言，传统的社会观念正在逐渐消失。金融危机使得人们更易接受待业状态，以及为了理想的职位而辞职。“传统观念认为，应该安守本分，不能心猿意马，但现在这一思想彻底颠覆了。”一位人才猎头说道，“最吃亏的恰恰是那些吊死一棵树的人。”

The question is how quickly these ambitious managers can land on top. Smith's search didn't take long; neither did McGee's. When debating whether to leave, he reached out to colleagues, CEOs, and headhunters. Their advice, he says: "If you're viewed as good, it actually might be a positive thing. It shows you have the independence and self-confidence to go for what you want."

问题是这些心有抱负的管理人员，要找到合意的顶层职位所需要的时间会不会太长。史密斯没花没多久时间，麦琪也快速找到了自己的“意中人”。当在抉择是否要离开之时，麦琪考虑了同事的建议，一些公司首席执行官以及人才猎头的意见。他们当时表示，麦琪说：“你被别家公司相中的话，那肯定是件好事。这表明你除了自己的目标，更拥有了独立和自信的本钱。”

McGregor is BusinessWeek's management editor.

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原版文章的部分词汇注释，如下：
cloak verb [transitive usually passive] to deliberately hide facts, feelings etc so that people do not see or understand them - used especially in news reports [from LDOCE5]
murky adjective involving dishonest or illegal activities that are kept secret [from LDOCE5]
euphemism noun [countable] a polite word or expression that you use instead of a more direct one to avoid shocking or upsetting someone [from LDOCE5]
candour British English, candor American English noun [uncountable] the quality of being honest and telling the truth, even when the truth may be unpleasant or embarrassing [from LDOCE5]
clinch verb [transitive] to assure the winning of [from M-W]
tumultuous adjective full of activity, confusion, or violence [from LDOCE5]
cloud verb [transitive usually passive] to make something less pleasant or more difficult than it should have been [from LDOCE5]
skittish adjective if people who buy shares are skittish, they are nervous and worried about them dropping in value, and might sell the shares that they own because of this [from LDOCE5]
hew verb [intransitive] confirm, adhere [from M-W]
poach verb [transitive] to persuade someone who belongs to another organization, team etc to leave it and join yours, especially in a secret or dishonest way [from LDOCE5]
stigma noun [countable usually singular, uncountable] a strong feeling in society that in a particular situation or having a particular illness is something to be ashamed of [from LDOCE5]
invert verb [transitive] formal to put something in the opposite position to the one it was in before, especially by turning it upside down [from LDOCE5]
reach out to somebody phrasal verb to show people that you are interested in them and want to listen to them [from LDOCE5]

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原版文中较好的词汇、结构，如下（建议锻炼造句能力，运用到写作中）：
murky（有dishonest / secret / vague的意思）
pursue one’s goal of doing something
broadcast（可以用在一些公众人物的言论）
with / without something lined up（这里的line up其实没有实际意思，只是强化了伴随语气）
reflect on something（有think about的意思）
It sent a clear message to the outside world that ... /
about / on ...（that引导message的同位语从句，介宾短语about / on ...作message的定语，介词可以根据具体情况更换）
... isn’t alone.（表示并列的过渡句）
be named (as) some post（有appoint的意思）
such X as a, b, c ...（表举例，与a, b, c ..., and other X同义）
in response to ...（表目的，to是介词）
nod (v. / n.)（有agree / agreement的意思）
move on（有leave / quit的意思）
tumultuous（有turbulent / chaotic的意思）
have（使役动词）
cloud one’s reputation（有tarnish的意思）
As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold, ...
be stuck with ...（常有被迫的意思）
As the economy picks up, ...
Opportunities will abound / be limited for something to do something.
(un)conventional（有traditional / unprecedented的意思）
to say the least（一般用于句末，表示事实比这句话更严重，一般表贬义）
hew to something（有stick to / adhere to / abide by的意思）
instruct somebody to do something（有使役的意思）
briefly（有temporarily的意思）
The old stigma is fading / inverted for somebody / something. It’s more acceptable nowadays to do something. / Something makes it more acceptable to do something.（这里的stigma是一个很地道的词，综合了discrimination / prejudice / disgrace等的意思）
reach out to somebody（有listen to的意思）