古代文学复试经验贴～

narutol · 发表于 2018-4-6 15:38

作为18古文学初试由于我准备不足，分数较低，相信有更多厉害的学姐学长的经验，我就不赘述了。  对于复试我还是有那么一丢丢经验可以说说～
英语笔试:
今年时间仓促，我们只考了一道题:完形填空，内容与学习有关，很需要英语单词的积累，初试后绝对不能放弃单词识记，我舍友考河大当场让翻译文章，挺难的。  所以英语一定一定好好学！17年辽师英语是英译汉一篇文章和选词填空，今年题量减少，更需要准确度
专业课笔试:
我是84分，算不错。辽师不考文艺理论。  不过我准备复试时问我舍友借了她的文艺学的书来看，背诵了上面的文艺学观点以及高逼格词汇，鉴赏之类的内容。因为笔试考两道题:一道文学鉴赏，一道批评学方面（文艺理论）我自己总结了一些万能模板来套用鉴赏～
专业课面试:
先进行自我介绍，这个要写的好点，把自己的优点都表现出来，注意把拿过的奖、资格证书，参加过的比赛、参与的活动兼职之类的，最重要的是，通过这些学到了什么一定要写上！我抽了两道题，一道答的不错，另一道有些紧张，答完老师又问了一些题，都是围绕抽到的题问得，不用紧张，认真作答即可。大方得体非常加分～
那暂时想到的就这样，就祝贺19级学弟学妹们好好努力，顺利录取！[媚眼]

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narutol · 发表于 2018-4-6 15:42

As more schools are set up today, learning is compulsory. It is an Ought, even worse, a Must, enforced by regular hours and rigid discipline. And the young sneer at the Oughts and resist the Musts with all their energy. The feeling often lasts through a lifetime. For too many of us, learning appears to be a surrender of o

ur own will to external direction, a sort of enslavement.

This is a mistake. Learning is a natural pleasure, inborn and instinctive, one of the essential pleasures of the human race. Watch a small child, at an age too young to have had any mental habits implanted by training. Some delightful films made by the late Dr. Arnold Gesell of Yale University show little creatures who can barely talk investigating problems with all the zeal and excitement of explorers, making discoveries with the passion and absorption of dedicated scientists. At the end of each successful investigation, there comes over each tiny face an expression of pure heartfelt pleasure. ...

随着众多的学校的建立，学习便成为必不可少的事情。学习是一种应尽的责任，更深一步说，是受固定的时间和严格的纪律约束而必须做的事。年轻人嘲笑这种责任，竭尽全力地抵抗这种必须做的事。这种感觉持续其一生。对于我们许多人来说，学习似乎是让我们的意志去屈从于外来的指挥，是去受某种奴役。

这是一种错误的想法。学习是一种自然的乐趣，是与生俱来而且是本能的，它是人类基本的乐趣之一。试想一名儿童，当他年纪很小的时候，头脑中不会产生任何经过训练而形成的想法。由已故的耶鲁大学阿诺德@格塞尔博士导演的一批饶有趣味的影片中描述的那些小精灵--尽管他们还不会说话，但是他们却以探险者的满腔热情，精神振奋地投入到调查研究之中；以具有献身精神的科学家们的激情，专心致志地去寻找新的发现。每次调查研究成功后，每张小脸都绽开了发自内心的纯真笑容。

But if the pleasure of learning is universal, why are there so many dull, incurious people in the world? It is because they were made dull, by bad teaching, by isolation, by surrender to routine, sometimes, too, by the pressure of hard work and poverty, or by the toxin of riches, with all their ephemeral and trivial delights. With luck, resolution and guidance, however, the human mind can survive not only poverty but even wealth.

This pleasure is not confined to learning from textbooks, which are too often tedious. But it does include learning from books. Sometimes when I stand in a big library like the library of Congress, or Butler Library at Columbia, and gaze around me at the millions of books, I feel a sober, earnest delight hard to convey except a metaphor. These are not lumps of lifeless paper, but minds alive on the shelves. From each of them goes out its own voice, as inaudible as the streams of sound conveyed by electric waves beyond the range of hearing, and just as the touch of a button on our stereo will fill the room with music, so by opening one of these volumes, one can call into range a voice far distant in time and space, and hear it speaking, mind to mind, heart to heart.

然而，如果说学习的乐趣是普遍存在的，那么为什么世界上还有那么多觉得活着乏味、单调的人呢？这是由于他们受到不良教育的影响，受到孤僻、日常工作束缚的影响，或是由于辛苦的工作和贫穷的压力，或是受到及时行乐的富人的腐蚀，而使他们觉得生活乏味。

还好，这种学习的乐趣并非局限于令人感到枯燥的书本之中。然而，书中却有乐趣。有时候，我置身于一个大图书馆时，如国会图书馆，或哥伦比亚大学的巴特勒图书馆，环顾四周千百万的书籍，一种肃穆、发自内心的喜悦油然而生。而这种感觉无法用语言来表达。这并不是一摞摞没有生命的纸张，而是活跃在书架间的丰富知识。每层书架都发出其自身的声音，犹如电波传送的声音，我们无法听到。它超出了我们的听觉。它又像打开的电唱机，音乐回响在整个房间里。因此，当你打开放一摞书籍，就好像听到遥远的时空传来的话语，聆听着它的讲述，进行思想交流，促膝谈心。

But, far beyond books, learning means keeping the mind open and active to receive all kinds of experience. One of the best-informed men I ever knew was a cowboy who rarely read a newspaper and never a book, but who had ridden many thousands of miles through one of the western states. He knew his state as thoroughly as a surgeon knows the human body. He loved it. Not a mountain, not a canyon which had not much to tell him, not a change in the weather that he could not interpret. And so, among the pleasures of learning, we should include travel, travel with an open mind, an alert eye and a visit to understand other peoples, other places, rather than looking in them for a mirror image of oneself. If I were a young man today, I should resolve to see ?nbsp;no, to learn ?nbsp; all the 50 states before I was 35.

Learning also means learning to practice, or at least to appreciate, an art. Every new art you learn appears like a new window on the universe; it is like acquiring a new sense. Because I was born and brought up in Glasgow, Scotland, a hideous 19th-century industrial city, I did not understand the slightest thing about architecture until I was in my 20s. Since then, I have learned a little about the art, and it has been a constant delight. ... As for reading books, this contains two different delights. One is the pleasure of apprehending the unexpected, such as when one meets a new author who has a new vision of the world. The other pleasure is of deepening one’s knowledge of a special field. ... Learning extends our lives (as Ptolemy said) into new dimensions. It is cumulative. Instead of diminishing in time, like health and strength, its returns go on increasing, provided .

除了书本知识外，学习还意味着敞开心扉，而且还会得到各种各样的经验。我所接触的知识最渊博的人是一位牛仔，他几乎不看报，也未曾读过一本书，但他却骑马几千英里，穿越了西部的一个州。他像一位外科医生熟知人体结构一样熟悉他的州。他热爱他的州，而且了解他的州。每一座山，每一个峡谷，在他看来都有讲不完的故事。每一次天气变化都在他的意料之中。因此，学习中的乐趣应该包括旅游，扩大知识面的旅游，捕捉信息的旅游，而且要有了解其它所到之处人文地志的愿望，而不仅仅是期待着发现和自己州的相同之处。如果我现在还年轻的话，我会下定决心，在我35岁之前去看——不，是去了解，——50个州的方方面面。

学习同时意味着学以致用，或者至少用来去欣赏，这是一种技能。你所学到的每一门新的技能，犹如宇宙中敞开的新的窗口；就像获得一种新的感知。由于我是在苏格兰格拉斯哥出生并长大的，这是一个令人讨厌的的19世纪的工业城市，因此，直到二十几岁，我才对建筑有所了解。从那时起，我学习了一点关于建筑方面的知识，这种知识为我带来了永恒的喜悦。

谈起阅读书籍，这里蕴涵两种不同的快乐。一种是了解新事物的乐趣，比如说，一个人遇到一位对世界持有新看法的新作家。另一种快乐是获得某一特殊领域的知识 ...

学习会使我们长寿，（如托勒密所说），会使生活更有新意。学习是积累知识。随着年龄的增长，如健康和体力状况下降，而所学习的只是却总是在增长，只要确定了你一生的目标，你就会在学习时联系你的思想，使学习与你的目标相互和谐。如果你碰巧是位工程师，同时你又喜欢在轻松愉快的俱乐部里唱歌，那么就将这两者结合起来，把它们视为一体，它们不是相互抵触的。在合唱团里唱歌和工程学两者都表明人类具有建筑设计的能力；表明有设计大型工程计划的能力和清楚地把思想表达给他人的能力。两者均使人产生美感，而且具有对称美。当你思考时，不要只想两者似乎是不关联的，而要从两者是一个整体的一部分来考虑。这样你就会把事情做得很好，就会学习得愉快。

Provided that you aim, throughout your life, as you continue learning, to integrate your thought, to make it harmonious. If you happen to be an engineer and also enjoy singing in a glee club, connect these two activities. They unite in you; they are not in conflict. Both choral singing and engineering are examples of the

architectonic ability of man: of his power to make a large plan and to convey it clearly to others. Both are aesthetic and depend much on symmetry. Think about them not as though they were dissociated, but as though each were one aspect of a single unity. You will do them better, and be happier.

Much unhappiness has been suffered by those people who have never recognized that it is as necessary to make themselves into whole and harmonious personalities as to keep themselves clean, healthy and financially solvent. Wholeness of the mind and spirit is not a quality conferred by nature, or by God. It is like health, virtue and knowledge. Man has the capacity to attain it; but to achieve it depends on his own efforts. It needs a long, deliberate effort of the mind and the emotions, and even the body.

那些感到特别不愉快的人们，从来就不承认塑造完整、和谐的性格，与保持清洁，健康、经济独立式同等重要的。就像健康、品德和知识一样，思想和精神的完整并不是大自然或上帝赐予的。人类有能力获得思想和精神的完整;但如若想达到，则需要不懈的努力，它需要思想和感情上的长期和有目的的努力，甚至是体力上的付出。

During our earthly life, the body gradually dies; even the emotions become duller. But the mind in most of us continues to live, and even grows more lively and active, enjoys itself more, works and plays with more expansion and delight. Many people have played themselves to death, even eaten and drunk themselves to death.Nobody has ever thought himself to death. The chief danger confronting us is not age. It is laziness, sloth, routine, stupidity ?nbsp; forcing their way in like wind through the shutters, seeping into the cellar like swamp water. Many who avoid learning, or abandon it, find that life is drained dry. They spend 30 years in ac

hair looking glumly out at the sand and the ocean; on a porch swing waiting for somebody to drive down the road. But that is not how to live.

No learner has ever run short of subjects to explore. The pleasures of learning are indeed pleasures. In fact, the word should be changed. The true name is happiness. You can live longest and best and most rewardingly by attaining and preserving the happiness of learning.

在尘世间的生活中，人体慢慢地死亡;甚至情感也随之枯竭。但是，我们大多数人的思想依然是活跃的，而且越来越活跃，越来越积极，不断地去自我欣赏，带着豁达、愉快的心情去工作、玩乐。

许多人玩乐过度而死，或是饮食过度而死。没有人会想到他们要死。我们面对的主要威胁不是年龄，而是懒惰，贪婪，循规蹈矩，愚蠢-这些东西对于我们无孔不入，这种影响就如同大风强行刮进百叶窗一样，像沼泽地里的渗入地窖一样。许多抵制学习，放弃学习的人们发现生活在日渐枯竭。他们在椅子里生活了30年，闷闷不乐地注视着在沙地和大海;或坐在门廊下的秋千里，看着人们开车驶过。然而，这根本不是生活。

爱学习的人从来不会觉得缺乏研究的课题。学习的乐趣是实实在在的乐趣。实际上，乐趣这个词应该换一下，真正的词应该是幸福。通过不断地获得知识和保持学习的幸福，你会长寿，生活快乐，颇受裨益。

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