入学测试题

richardwei

   2017年考研英语入学测试                  
SectionⅠ  Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
   A recent poll indicated that half the teenagers in the United States believe that communication between them and their parents is__1__and further that one of the prime causes of this gap is __2__listening behavior. As a(an)__3__ in point, one parent believed that her daughter had a severe__4__problem. She was so __5__that she took her to an audiologist to have her ear tested. The audiologist carefully tested both ears and reported back to the parent: “There’s nothing wrong with her hearing. She’s just __6__you out.”
    A leading cause of the __7__divorce rate (more than half of all marriages end in divorce) is the failure of husbands and wives to __8__effectively. They don’t listen to each other. Neither person__9__to the actual message sent by the other.
    In __10__fashion, political scientists report that a growing number of people believe that their elected and __11__officials are out of__12__with the constituents they are supposedly __13__. Why? Because they don’t believe that they listen to them. In fact, it seems that sometimes our politicians don’t even listen to themselves.The following is a true story: At a national__14__conference held in Albuquerque some years ago, then Senator Joseph Montoya was__15__a copy of a press release by a press aide shortly before he got up before the audience to__16__ a speech. When he rose to speak,__17__the horror of the press aide and the__18__of his audience, Montoya began reading the press release, not his speech. He began, “For immediate release. Senator Joseph M.  Montoya, Democrat of New Mexico, last night told the National...” Montoya read the entire six-page release,__19__ with the statement that he “was repeatedly __20__by applause.”
1.［A］ scarce           ［B］ little                ［C］ rare          ［D］ poor
2.［A］ malignant         ［B］ deficient             ［C］ ineffective     ［D］ feeble
3.［A］ case             ［B］ example               ［C］ lesson       ［D］ suggestion
4.［A］ audio     ［B］ aural                 ［C］ hearing        ［D］ listening
5.［A］ believing          ［B］ convinced             ［C］ assured       ［D］ doubtless
6.［A］ turning           ［B］ tuning               ［C］ tucking     ［D］ tugging
7.［A］ rising            ［B］ arising              ［C］ raising       ［D］ arousing
8.［A］ exchange         ［B］ interchange          ［C］ encounter    ［D］ interact
9.［A］ relates           ［B］ refers               ［C］ responds     ［D］ resorts
10.［A］ like             ［B］ alike                ［C］ likely         ［D］ likewise
11.［A］ nominated        ［B］ selected              ［C］ appointed     ［D］ supported
12.［A］ connection［B］ reach                ［C］ association  ［D］ touch
13.［A］ leading      ［B］ representing     ［C］delegating      ［D］ supporting
14.［A］ legislative ［B］ legitimate            ［C］ legalized    ［D］ liberal
15.［A］ distributed   ［B］ awarded        ［C］ handed        ［D］ submitted
16.［A］ present          ［B］ publish               ［C］ deliver     ［D］ pursue
17.［A］ to             ［B］ with             ［C］ for       ［D］ on
18.［A］ joy             ［B］ enjoyment        ［C］ amusement［D］ delight
19.［A］ conclude         ［B］ to conclude        ［C］ concluding ［D］ concluded
20.［A］ disrupted         ［B］ interfered         ［C］ interrupted ［D］ stopped

                 Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark youranswers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)
                          Text 1
     When Dr. John W. Gofman, professor of medical physics at the University of California and a leading nuclear critic, speaks of “ecocide” in his adversary view of nuclear technology, he means the following: A large nuclear plant like that in Kalkar, the Netherlands, would produce about 200 pounds of plutonium each year. One pound, released into the atmosphere, could cause 9 billion cases of lung cancer. This waste product must be stored for 500,000 years before it is of no further danger to man. In the anticipated reactor economy, it is estimated that there will be 10,000 tons of this material in Western Europe, of which one table-spoonful of plutonium-239 represents the official maximum permissible body burden for 200,000 people. Rather than being biodegradable, plutonium destroys biological properties.
In 1972 the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration ruled that the asbestos level in the work place should be lowered to 2 fibers per cubic centimeter of air, but the effective date of the ruling has been delayed until now. The International Federation of Chemical and General Workers' Unions report that the 2-fiber standard was based primarily on one study of 290 men at a British asbestos factory. But when the workers at the British factory had been reexamined by another physician, 40—70 percent had X'ray evidence of lung abnormalities. According to present medical information at the factory in question, out of a total of 29 deaths thus far, seven were caused by lung cancer. An average European or American worker comes into contact with six million fibers a day. “We are now, in fact, finding cancer deaths within the family of the asbestos worker,” states Dr. Irving Selikoff, of the Mount Sinai Medical School in New York.
It is now also clear that vinyl chloride, a gas from which the most widely used plastics are made, causes a fatal cancer of the blood-vessel cells of the liver. However, the history of the research on vinyl chloride is, in some ways, more disturbing than the “Watergate cover-up.” “There has been evidence of potentially serious disease among polyvinyl chloride workers for 25 years that has been incompletely appreciated and inadequately approached by medical scientists and by regulatory authorities,” summed up Dr. Selikoff in the New Scientist. At least 17 workers have been killed by vinyl chloride because research over the past 25 years was not followed up. And for over 10 years, workers have been exposed to concentrations of vinyl chloride 10 times the “safe limit” imposed by Dow Chemical Company.
21. By “ecocide” （Line 2, Paragraph 1） the author most probably means
[A] waste utilization.
[B] ecological balance.
[C] radioactive reaction.
[D] massive bio-destruction.
22. According to the text, the author mentions plutonium in paragraph 1 to
[A] estimate the amount of nuclear material in Europe.
[B] exemplify one of the possible causes of lung cancer.
[C] highlight the measures needed to prevent lung cancer.
[D] show the destructive properties of industrial waste materials.
23. The style of the second paragraph is mainly
[A] factual.
[B] sarcastic.
[C] emotional.
[D] argumentative.
24. According to paragraph 3, some workers have been killed by harmful pollutants in that
[A] production could not be halted.
[B] they failed to take safety measures.
[C] research was not pursued to a solution.
[D] safety equipment was not adequately provided.
25. It can be inferred from the text that the author believes that
[A] nationwide application of anti-pollution devices can finally prevent cancer.
[B] tough legislation is needed to set lower limits of worker exposure to harmful chemicals.
[C] more research is required into the causes of cancer before further progress can be made.
[D] industrialization must be slowed down to prevent further spread of cancer causing agents.