英语语言学往年试题集锦

myfantasy

语言学的资料很少，看完书后想找些习题或往年试题做做，可以起到练兵，巩固所看书本知识的作用。我收集了一些高校语言学的往年试题供大家参考，讨论，交流一下做题的感受，也希望大家可以把自己所考学校的往年试题发表在上面，给大家一起讨论。
1 One of the main features of our human language is arbitrariness .Can you briefly explain what is this feature refers to ? Give examples if necessary(10 points). <北师大2003年试题）
2 In english we can describe a story as "a successful story" or "a success story ".Do you think they mean the same ? Please explain and give your reasons(10 points) ,<同上》
3 Expain the following terms ,giving examples where necessary.(50 points) <中山2003》  design feature   macrolinguistics  vowel  minimal pair   folk etymology  aspect    anopho  r  error analysisr   metaphor

myfantasy

4 Language can change through blending ,metanalysis ,back-formation, analogical creation and borrowing.Give two english words for each of them (5 points) 清华2000年试题  
5 Answer the following question briefly.clearly,grammatically and correctly.(10 Points ) 湖南师大2003年
What is it wrong to assume that the meaning of a  sentence is  the sum of the meaning of the words which compose it ?

myfantasy

7 Define the following terms.(10 points) 中国海洋大学1999
Phoneme ,consonant,morpheme,lexicon,syntax,endocentric construction,semantics,hyponymy ,language ,design feature
8 Define the following terms .(20 points) 苏州大学1997
allophone  morpheme assimilation  internal authority  interlanguage   phatic  communion
closed-class word   government  semantica triangic   lingua franca

myfantasy

What is the main grammatical difference between a  sentence and a clause ? 同上
6 Translate into chinese and exemplify each of the following.(10 points )
Example : dialectal synonyms
Answer , 方言同义词， Fall and autumn are dialectal synonyms .
  homography    homophony    gradable opposites   endocentric constuction   
exocentric construction

myfantasy

9 大连外国语学院1992年语言学全部试题 100 POINTS
  List the six important characteristics of human language .
  What are the types of morphemes ?
  Illustrate  the deep and surface structures .
  What do u know about the semantic features ?
  How does language change ?

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10  Words in our mental lexicon are known to be related to one another .Discuss the relationships between words ,using examples from the english language .(15 points ) 北外2003年试题
11 What do you think are the similarities and dissimilarities between learning a first and a second language? ( 30 points)  同上

myfantasy

还有一种语言学考试是属于综合考试里面的一部分。有些大学英语综合考试里往往包括英美概括，英美文学，语言学，或欧洲文学史，现代汉语等，象北大，清华，人大，北理工，北二外，还有我要考的北航（其他地方的情况我不是很了解，我对北京的高校比较了解些），其中语言学考试只占30-50分左右。象这种综合考试里的语言学部分有自己的特别，考察的难度相对小点。我手头上只有两份资料，希望有考人大，北理工的或其他大学的学生能把自己往年试题的语言学部分发上来。

心婷

超级感谢!!!
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zhangle0403

can't thank enough

ach1018

Thanks a lot !![em:42][em:42][em:42][em:8]