北语12年外语用语言学真题

hello北语 · 发表于 2015-4-16 08:29

2012北京语言大学外国语言学及应用语言学真题
第一部分.50分
1. Tell what is the phone according to the description of sound 。1×5=5分
the voiced bilabial stop ____
the voiceless alveolar fricative ___
the nasal velar _________
the long high back vowel _________
he short central vowel ______
2. Phonological process
Think
Tank
Teeth
Impossible
slight
3. Tell the kind of word formation。1×5=5分
Edit
Worker
SARS
Playboy
plane
4. 判断划线部分是属于root/stem/derivational morpheme/inflectional morpheme哪种？1×5=5分。
1.nationality
2. support
3. worked
4. meaningful
5. emit
5.写出sense relation (synonymy，complementary antonymy, gradable antonymy, converse antonymy, hyponymy )
male and female
acquire and obtain
earth and planet
husband and wife
big and small
6. Indicate how speech is presented in the stretches of language below.
1. “Have we been here before.” he asked her
2. He asked her a question.
3. Have we been here before? He asked her.
4. Had they been here before？He asked her.
5. He asked her whether they had been here before.

7.5×1=5分树形图
John ate an apple.

8.determine which type of the components belong to the stretchiness of following sentence（rheme theme subject predicate）
yesterday the murder was caught by the police。
The day before yesterday Jack finished his work。
Once upon a time ，there was a little girl。
yesterday, Join ate an apple。
How nice the lake is。

9. Tell the kind of violation of the maxims.1×5=5分
There are not many people living in China.
Boys are boys.
All men and women are players on the stage.
His manners speak eloquently for him.
He wouldn’t say Y-E-S to the I-C-E-C-R-E-A-m.
10. 写出属于one-place predicate/two-place predicate/three-predicate. 1×5=5分
1. John was reading.
2. Wisdom John doesn’t have.
3. John finished his work on time.
4. John drove violently back home.
5. That company gave him a job.

第二部分Filling the blanks.  2ⅹ25=50分
1. Language is ______ because speech is primary and writing is secondary.
2.When language is used to change the emotional states of an audience, it is called the _____ functions of language.
3. The minimal distinctive speech sounds is ________.
4.when linguistics try to lay down language rules for correct uses of language, it is called ________studies.
5. Intonation is a _____ phoneme that can distinguish sentence types.
6. A sound may show the influence of an immediately preceding sound. The term for this process is ___________in phonetics.
7.The morpheme or combination of morphemes to which an affix can be attached is called ________.
8. Relation of substitution is one manifestation of __________.
9. The discussion of lexicon meaning. We can say all words have ______but not all words have reference.
10.__________ is a term used in sociological oriental investigation of language referring to discrimination against woman.
11.Phonemes appearing in complementary distribution is likely to be ________.
12.Saussure believed that language is a system of ________, which includes the signifier and the signified.
  13.________is one whose distribution is functionally equivalent to that of one or more of its constituents, a word or a group of words which serves as a definable canter or head.
14._________are the defining properties of language units like nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverb, etc.
15.There is no limit to the number of linguistic elements embedded into other linguistics elements, this is what we call__________.
  16. The name for the sameness relation is__________.
  17. The term __________refers to the process or result of linking linguistic units so that they have different syntactic status, one being dependent upon the other.
  18. ___________related elements in construction form structure.
19.Fall and autumn is the third season of the year, the different circumstances of use represent the ________ meaning.
  20.___________can be analyzed into argument and predicate.
  21.What____________suggests is like this: our language helps mould our way of thinking and consequently, different languages may probably express speakers’ unique ways of understanding the world.
22.implicature is ____________ in that it can be worked out on the basis previous information, including the conventional meaning of the words, the context, other items of the background knowledge and the CP and its maxims.
23.The Prague school holds that the goal of discourse presents the very information that is to be imparted to the hearer, which is called the __________.
24.where two syllables have the same initial and the final consonants, but different vowels(CvC), they are ____________.

另外还有很多高质量回忆版真题。

第三部分. 50分。
  第一题。名词解释。4×5= 20分。
1. displacement
2. pro-forms
3. metre
4. component
  第二题。论述题。2×15=30分。
How would you analyze the differences and the similarities between the speech act theory and the conversational implicature?
How would you analyze the differences and similarities between predicate and rheme?

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