庖丁解牛3-12上

壹世，唇齒相须

本人发布继上期发布第三3.4.5段阅读理解，然后解析问题，对你的阅读理解绝对有很大很大的帮助。本练习出自《考研英语不读胜读》。

3.In their recent work,however,some researchers have come up withthe finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than isgenerally supposed.Om fact they don’t seem to be required at all.

4.The researchers’s argument stem from asimple obseration aboutsocial influence:With the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—whoseoutsi ze presence is primarily a function of media,not interpersonal,influence—eventhe most influential members of a population simply don’t interact with thatmany others.Yet it is precisely these non-celebrity influentials who,accordingto the two-step-flow theory,are supposed to drive social epidemics,byinfluencing their friends and colleagues directly.For asocial epidemic tooccur,however,each person so affected must then influence his or her person so affected must then influence hhis orher own acquaintances,who must in turn influence theirs,and so on;and just howmany others pay attention to each of of these people has little  to do with the initial influential.If peoplein the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential proveresistant,for example,the cascade of change won’t propagate very far or affectmany people.

5.Building on the casic truth about about interpersonal influence,theresearchers studied the dynamics of social influence by conducting thousands ofcomputer simulations of populations,manipulating a number of variables relatingto people’s ability to influence others and their tendency to be influenced.Theyfound that the principal requirement for what is called “globa cascades”—the widespreadpropagation of influence through networks==is the presence not of a fewinfluentials but,rather,of a critical mass of easily influenced people.