2021年北师大外应专业709基础英语考研真题（回忆版）

本鱼一点也不咸 · 发表于 2020-12-28 13:40

709基础英语
Ⅰ. 无选项完形填空(1*20=20)一空一词
L2 listeners
Ⅱ. 选标题(3*6=18)
mental health, stress, PTSD
Ⅲ. 选段落(3*6=18)
Flavour of Greece
Ⅳ. 阅读理解，回答问题(6*4=24)
Intimacy and Independence (from the book You Just Don't Understand by Tannen, Deborah )
Intimacy is key in a world of connection where individuals negotiate complex networks of friendship, minimize differences, try to reach consensus, and avoid the appearance of superiority, which would highlight differences. In a world of status, independence is key, because a primary means of establishing status is to tell others what to do, and taking orders is a marker of low status. Though all humans need both intimacy and independence, women tend to focus on the first and men on the second. It is as if their lifeblood ran in different directions.
These differences can give women and men differing views of the same situation, as they did in the case of a couple I will call Linda and Josh...
1.What are main features of communication and status?
2.What does the following sentence “Linda and Josh felt more upset by this accident...” mean?
3.Summarize the last paragraph in 2 or 3 sentence.
4.What are the other possible reason of misunderstanding between men and women in the communication?
Ⅴ. 英译汉(6*5=30)
The Economist 2020-10-31 Breaking through节选
Governments are lining up to set new climate targets for the middle of the century. This week Japan said that it would eliminate all greenhouse gases. In the past month or so China and South Korea have declared that their economies will be carbon-neutral, meaning that they will put no more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere than they take out. In March the European Union unveiled a “net-zero” plan of its own. Britain and France have enshrined their targets into law. A victory next week for Joe Biden could put America on a similar path.
Targets are easier set than met. Today around 85% of the world’s industrial energy comes from fossil fuels. Getting consumption to near zero will involve enormous economic shifts. It will require huge changes in how energy is generated and used. And it will also require a sustained barrage of innovations to improve how steel or cement are made, say, or how buildings are designed and managed.
The world’ s green-innovation machine likes to make a big noise about its successes. The share prices of firms with climate-sustaining technologies have soared. Tesla’s value has reached $385bn, overtaking the combined total of the next three biggest car makers. The value of BYD, a Chinese competitor, has more than tripled this year. This month Next Era, a clean-power utility, surpassed ExxonMobilto become America’s biggest energy firm. In the past four years venture-capital(VC) deals have more than doubled.
Yet nowhere too little capital is being channelled into innovation. Spending on R&D has three main sources: venture capital, governments and energy companies. Their combined annual investment into technology and innovative companies focused on the climate is over $80bn. For comparison, that is a bit more that twice the R&D spending of a single tech firm, Amazon.
One of the world’ s most pressing problems thus receives perhaps just 4% of the global total spent on R&D. Governments are falling short of their targets. VC investment in green startups accounts for about a tenth of all VC investment and firms which sell goods or services that cut emissions made up just five of the top 100firms in this year’s public-listing bonanza. The private sector’s record on climate innovation has been a hit-and-miss affair, at best. Having boomed in the mid-2000s, green VCs went bust a few years later.
Ⅵ. 写作(40)
about 500 words
Kurt Vonnegut once said, you are what you pretend to be, which means you are what we (all of us) perceive you are. It is the opposite meaning of “You are what you think you are”. Express your opinion and give your reasons.