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发表于 2017-11-20 14:50
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Section II
Part B
[A] The first published sketch, "A Dinner at Poplar Walk" brought tears to Dickens's eyes when he disco*ered it in the pages of The Monthly Magazine. From then on his sketches, which appeared under the pen name "Boz" in The E*ening Chronicle, earned him a modest reputation.
[B] The runaway success of The Pickwick Papers, as it is generally known today, secured Dickens's fame. There were Pickwick coats and Pickwick cigars, and the plump, spectacled hero, Samuel Pickwick, became a national figure.
[C] Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared, a publishing firm approached Dickens to write a story in monthly installments, as a backdrop for a series of woodcuts by the ten-famous artist Robert Seymour, who had originated the idea for the story. With characteristic confidence, Dickens successfully insisted that Seymour's pictures illustrate his own story instead. After the first installment, Dickens wrote to the artist and asked him to correct a drawing Dickens felt was not faithful enough to his prose. Seymour made the change, went into his backyard, and expressed his displeasure by committing suicide. Dickens and his publishers simply pressed on with a new artist. The comic no*el, The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, appeared serially in *36 and *37, and was first published in book form in *37.
[D] Charles Dickens is probably the best-known and, to many people, the greatest English no*elist of the 19th century. A moralist, satirist, and social reformer. Dickens crafted complex plots and striking characters that capture the panorama of English society.
[E] Soon after his father's release from prison, Dickens got a better job as errand boy in law offices. He taught himself shorthand to get an e*en better job later as a court stenographer and as a reporter in Parliament. At the same time, Dickens, who had a reporter's eye for transcribing the life around him especially anything comic or odd, submitted short sketches to obscure magazines.
[F] Dickens was born in Portsmouth, on England's southern coast. His father was a clerk in the British na*y pay office -a respectable position, but wish little social status. His paternal grandparents, a steward and a housekeeper possessed e*en less status, ha*ing been ser*ants, and Dickens later concealed their background. Dicken's mother supposedly came from a more respectable family. Yet two years before Dicken's birth, his mother's father was caught stealing and fled to Europe, ne*er to return. The family's increasing po*erty forced Dickens out of school at age 12 to work in Warren's Blacking Warehouse, a shoe-polish factory, where the other working boys mocked him as "the young gentleman." His father was then imprisoned for debt. The humiliations of his father's imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dicken's greatest wound and became his deepest secret. He could not confide them e*en to his wife, although they pro*ide the unacknowledged foundation of his fiction.
[G] After Pickwick, Dickens plunged into a bleaker world. In Oli*er Twist, he traces an orphan's progress from the workhouse to the criminal slums of London. Nicholas Nickleby, his next no*el, combines the darkness of Oli*er Twist with the sunlight of Pickwick. The popularity of these no*els consolidated Dickens' as a nationally and internationally celebrated man of letters.
D → 41. → 42. → 43. → 44. → B →45.
小时候有玩过练练看吗？就是把点1画条线连到点2，点2再画条直线到点3，连到最后图案也就出来了。这也是画点成图，每一段落*两点，开头的起点和结尾的终点，而你要做的就是把一个段落的终点连到另一个段落的起点。还有要注意特殊名词，重点下面要划线。练习几次后应该就可以熟能生巧。
举例我们看看段落[A]刚好有两句，头一句代表开头的起点，后一句为结尾。开头，被动语气，第一个出版的画（published sketch）深深的感动(bring tears to one’s eyes)了Dickens。结尾，关键词，from then on, pen name Boz, modest reputation分别为从那时起、笔名Boz、和好名气；我们得知，从此，改了笔名的Dicken的作画越来越有名。
再做一个[C]:起点刚好有Boz，说不定刚好是[A]终点接下来的，运气不错，关键词：monthly installment, backdrop, Seymour,分别为分期付款、背景、人名；okay，这句比较复杂，因为有两个表语，不要气馁，人名圈起来：Dickens和Seymour，Dickens和backdrop相关，Seymour和originate相关，分别为Dickens为副手，Seymour为主。其它是杂讯，我们得到：出名不久，一出版公司聘请Dickens做Seymour的副手，每月刊登一Seymour原创的连载。因为它开头说道出名不久后，所以能确定是接着［A］。中间许多细节，大概是：Dickens在出版商的支持下要求Seymour做修改，Seymour被迫修改后出于不满在自家后院自杀了；中间这是杂讯，可看可不看。[C]的终点不长，那作品的名称占了句子的一半，Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club，底下画条线。翻译：那作品连载了1年，并在*37年出书。好了，接下来，它会继续连到哪里呢？假如你说注意书名， Pickwick Club，或者年份，*37，聪明的你就在高分的轨道上了。保险起见，这段中间虽然说是杂讯，但内容是正面还是负面还是最好确定一下：关键词是committing suicide,自杀成功，也就是没救活。然后跟人对上号，Seymour自杀，但跟这篇出现了两段的主角，Dickens，有关，而且是负面形象，放个－标记一下。
都做到这里了就坚持下去，只要找出段落的起始句跟Pickwick Club或*37年有关的就好了。在［B］和［G］两段落中出现Pickwick。我们先看看［B］，起点：作品‘Pickwick Club’出名了，也让Dickens变成了名人。结尾：作品中的主角甚至变成家喻户晓的角色。再看［G］，起点：作品‘Pickwick Club’后，Dickens笔锋一变，从喜剧变成灰暗；关键字：plunge和bleak都是负面词，放个-。先别看［G］的结尾，我们先推测一下，［B］在说*37年的作品，［G］说作品后的事情了，那［B］与［G］谁前谁后？我也同意是［B］。然后这篇文章的［D］和［B］的顺序是前提给我们的，而且［B］后面就只有一个段落，然后我们还知道了是哪个段落了，是［G］，那我们还用得着看［G］的结尾吗，没有必要吧。文章完了。现在我们知道顺序是的 D->［?］->［?］->A->C->B->G。
接下来我们按文章顺序看［D］，是前提给的起始段落，所以看它的终点，也就是那段落的最后一句就好：Dickens对英文文学有很大的影响力。Craft动词是创造出，名词是工艺品。一个句子中主词和主要动词一定要清楚。［D］的终点会连去哪儿呢？是［E］还是［F］，按照顺序先看［E］。［E］的起始是：在Dickens父亲服刑期满后不久找到了一个兼职工作。试问，这会不会太跳跃了，一下就跳到没有来历的父亲身上，我还么做好见家长的准备呢…。如果你时间较紧张，可以直接选［F］做为［D］后面的段落为答案。不想拿这两分赌上考研梦的，来看看［F］的起点：Dickens出生了。［E］和［F］的前后马上就清楚了。
然后［F］后面长篇都是得分外的杂讯，基本是说Dickens悲惨的童年记忆：被同龄孩儿取笑，父亲锒铛入狱，刚好接［E］的人生扭转点，于常常画画投稿结束；刚好接［A］的起点：有幸被某杂志刊登作品后用笔名Boz继续投稿。
恭喜你，把一篇文章给串起来了，图案也出来了 ickens的传文。从Dickens童年到刊登作品到成名作品；段落顺序为：
D -> [F] -> [E] -> [A] -> [C] -> B -> [G]。
加油加油。考研最重要的时候不要气馁！ |
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发表于 2017-11-8 13:41
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50) It gives a basis to all organization which seek to promote the learning and very different operating environment. That is a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it.
