2015上海海事MTI翻译基础英译汉原文及答案

陵小 · 发表于 2014-12-29 22:32

"In China, we call this a vicious cycle of fangluan shousi (chaos after easing and death after tightening). It occurred more than 10 times in history. Will this time be different? I think the possibility of fangluan shousi happening again is very low," Lou said.
楼说：“在中国，我们称之为‘放乱收死’（一旦放松就出现混乱，一加强控制就没有活力），这是一个恶性循环。在中国经济历史上，出现过不下10次。这次会不会呢？我觉得再一次出现这种循环的可能性非常小。”
Lou explained that China has come a long way from its centrally planned economy. Now, more than 98 percent of prices have been liberalized.
楼解释说，过去，中国在中央计划经济下走了很长一段路，现在98%以上的价格已经放开了。
He admitted that the government still holds much of the power that is supposed to belong to the market. The central task of the new reforms is to redefine the relationship between government and the market.
他承认政府仍然握有很大一部分属于市场的权利。新改革的中心任务是重新定义政府和市场之间的关系。
To achieve this end, Lou said, one key task is to distribute power among different levels of government. The backdrop to his comments is the fact that many fiscal experts have remarked that China's local governments are underfunded and can't complete the mounting economic and social tasks. In fact, they shoulder 85 percent of the spending responsibility but get less than 50 percent of the revenue. Although much of the gap is addressed by the central government's transfer payment system, local governments are still pressured to lobby for more funds or to raise debt.
楼说，为了达到这个目的，其中很重要的一个任务就是放权给不同级别的政府。他的依据是中国的地方政府缺少资金，不能完成日益剧增的经济和社会方面的任务。事实上，他们肩负着85%的开支压力，接受的税收却低于50%。尽管有中央政府的转移支付系统来填补大部分的差距，地方政府仍然有很大压力，得去游说资金或者增加债务。
Lou, however, presented an alternative. Rather than distributing a larger piece of the total revenue to local governments, he said it is more important to carve up administrative authority among varying levels of government. This way, the different levels of government receive different shares of money.
然而，楼提供了一个折中的办法。与其向地方政府拨付资金，不如加大各级政府的行政自主权。这样一来，各级政府就会得到不同份额的资金。

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