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中大英语导师的业务水平中大英语导师的业务水平
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我原本打算报考中山大学的英语专业研究生,但在网上却发现该校郭颐顿副教授写的篇书评,里面提到中大几名英语导师的业务水平(见转贴)。这些导师定会误人子弟,中山大学实在令人失望。
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【转贴】 一本错误百出的教材——评《国际学术会议英语》
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作者:郭颐顿(中山大学外国语学院副教授) 来源:学术批评网
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在我国近年来如潮涌现的研究生英语教材中,好书固然不少,平庸之作也很多,更有一批劣质产品招摇过市,造成了极坏的影响。其中特别值得注意的是由曾蕾、林泽铨、傅晓玲编著的《国际学术会议英语》(《求新研究生英语系列教材》之一;重庆大学出版社2003年3月第1版,2003年8月第2次印刷,以下简称《国际》),因为它首先是号称“求新”的研究生英语教材,并为多所高校使用;其次是它的错误不仅数量众多,而且还非常严重。对于我国外语界推陈出新的做法,笔者一贯持赞同的态度,因为惟有这样,才能适应我国当今研究生教育蓬勃发展的需要,才能提高我国研究生英语教学的水平。然而在研读和讲授《国际》的过程中,笔者发现它错误百出,令人大失所望。现将其主要谬误,辑录于后,并粗略归类,提出个人管见,以就正于方家。
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1.指代错误
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《国际》中的指代错误俯拾即是,令人读后不知所云,如在第188页的One (reason) is that when the participants(黑体为笔者所加,表示有误,下同)listen to native speakers talking, he finds that they produce partial sentences,
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incomplete phrases, which are different from what they learn from their
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listening course. Usually, foreign participants are used to the ideal
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strings of complete, perfectly formed sentences, as they are taught to
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speak slowly and clearly and his teacher generally addresses the class
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in a slow and clear style一句中,participants是个复数名词,此处指参加国际会议的两个以上的中国人,可是后面这个he却来得非常突兀,它究竟是指谁呢?根据上下文难以推断。此后的第一个they想来是指native speakers,后一个they则指参加国际会议的中国人,但是foreign participants(外国与会者)就又叫人不知所指了。如果中国学者去境外国家参加国际会议,那么这个词可以包括中国人;若是国际会议在中国举行,那么它就应该指非中国人了。再往后的they虽然和foreign participants的所指一致,但是his teacher又出现得很突然,令人如坠云雾。原句子改作One (reason) is that when the Chinese participants listen to native
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speakers talking at international conferences, they note that the
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speakers produce partial sentences and incomplete phrases, which
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are different from what they have learned from their listening
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courses taught in China. Usually Chinese scholars are used to the
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ideal strings of complete, perfectly-formed sentences as they have
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been taught to speak slowly and clearly and their teachers generally
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address the class in a slow and clear style,读起来意思才比较清楚。
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在第55页的The writer must indicate the source of all information and ideas from
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existing work that he or she uses in his writing一句中,编著者用了he or she uses,说明他们具有这样的意识,即在以英语为母语的人当中,有相当一部分人的女权意识比较强烈,容不得文章中用he或his或him来泛指一类人的现象,因此编著者在he后面加上or she无疑是恰当的,但是后面的in his writing也应当相应地调整为in his or her writing才是,否则会造成理解混乱。另外,在这个语境中,author(作者)一词,似乎要比writer(通常指“作家”)更加准确;而且source也应当用其复数形式sources才好,因为一个作者在写文章的时候,引用的资料和观点,常常源自多个出处。照此推理,work也应当用其复数形式works(作品/著作)。全句拟改为:The author must indicate the sources of all information and ideas from existing works
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that he or she uses in his or her writing。
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《国际》中还有缺乏指示代词的句子,如第59页的if no organization owns the material, then is referred to by its title。原句中少了代词it,应改为then it is referred to by its title。
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2.语法与词法错误
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语法和词法错误,乃至非常严重的低级错误,在《国际》中也不胜枚举。比如第189页的In addition, the listeners’ own interest to the speaker and his
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presentation attribute to his understanding of what the speaker
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said,句中的interest后,应跟介词in而不是to;attribute to(把[某事]归因于……)在此不仅系用词错误,而且还因词尾缺少表示动词单数的s,与主语interest形成了数的不一致,应改为contributes to(有助于)。另外,listeners’(名词复数所有格)和his(单数)understanding,又造成了数的不一致。全句拟改为the listener’s own interest in the speaker’s presentation contributes
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to his understanding,或the listeners’ own interest in the speaker’s
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presentation contributes to their understanding。
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英语名词audience作整体看时,动词可用单数形式;作许多人看时,动词可用复数形式,有时两种形式都可以用。虽然如此,在同一句中,它至少应该保持数的一致。可是在第96到97页的The audience tends to think about the questions raised at the beginning, and therefore
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are led into what follows easily这个句子中,audience在前半句中被视为单数,因此后面用了一个单数的谓语动词tends,但是在后半句中又用了复数的are led,从而造成了主谓语在数的关系上不一致的语法错误。更使人吃惊的是,严重的语法错误竟然也出现在编著者的“作者简介”当中,如His research fields are discourse analysis and bilingual translation. He has
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many publications in this field (this field 应为these fields——笔者)和Her research topic is in Systemic Functional Linguistics and Language
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Teaching (topic is应为topics are)。